Mechanical Systems by KG Mech Electro Mechanical Private Limited

HVAC - HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
HVAC (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) refers to technology of indoor or automotive environmental comfort. HVAC system design is a major sub discipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer. HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and in marine environments such as aquariums, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with temperature and humidity, as well as "fresh air" from outdoors. The main purposes of HVAC system are to help maintain good indoor air quality through adequate ventilation with filtration and provide thermal comfort.
In modern buildings the design, installation, and control systems are integrated into one or more HVAC systems. For very small buildings contractors manually size and select HVAC systems. But for larger buildings, building services designers and engineers, such as mechanical, architectural or building services engineers analyze, design, and specify the HVAC systems, and specialty mechanical contractors build and commission them.
The HVAC industry is a worldwide enterprise, with career opportunities including operation and maintenance, system design and construction, equipment manufacturing and sales, and in education and research. The HVAC industry had been historically regulated by the manufacturers of HVAC equipment, but Regulating and Standards organizations such as ASHRAE, SMACNA, Uniform Mechanical Code and International Mechanical Code have been established to support the industry and encourage high standards and achievement.
CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
Many large buildings, campuses, and other facilities have plants that make chilled water and distribute it to air handling units and other cooling equipment. The design operation and maintenance of these chilled water plants has a very large impact on building energy use and energy operating cost.
Chilled water cooling is very different from typical residential air conditioning where a refrigerant is pumped through an air handler to cool the air.
Regardless of who provides it, the chilled water (between 4° and 7°C) is pumped through an air handler, which captures the heat from the air, then disperses the air throughout the area to be cooled.
The chilled water, which absorbed heat from the air, is sent via return lines to a cooling tower, which is a heat exchange device used to transfer waste heat to the atmosphere. The extent to which the cooling tower decreases the temperature depends upon the outside temperature, the relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure. The water will be lowered to the Wet-bulb temperature or dry-bulb temperature before proceeding to the water chiller, where it is cooled to between 4° and 7°C and pumped to the air handler, where the cycle is repeated. The equipment required includes chillers, cooling towers, pumps and electrical control equipment. The initial capital outlay for these is substantial and maintenance costs can fluctuate. Adequate space must be included in building design for the physical plant and access to equipment.